Surgical Fastener Applying Apparatus Including Replaceable Cartridge Assembly

ABSTRACT

A surgical fastener applying apparatus includes a cartridge-receiving assembly and a cartridge assembly releasably engagable therewith. The cartridge assembly includes a housing and a knife assembly having a knife translatable from an initial position to a deployed position and a knife guard pivotable between a storage position, wherein the knife guard substantially encloses the knife member, and a use position, wherein the knife member is exposed for translation through the housing. The knife guard engages to the knife member such that translation of the knife member rotates the guard to the use position.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to surgical fastener applying apparatusand, more particularly, to a replaceable cartridge assembly configuredfor use with a surgical fastener applying apparatus for clamping,stapling, and cutting tissue.

2. Background of Related Art

Surgical fastener applying apparatus, wherein tissue is first grasped orclamped between opposing jaw structures and then joined by means ofsurgical fasteners, are well known. In some such apparatus, a knife isprovided to cut tissue that has been joined by the fasteners. Thefasteners are typically in the form of surgical staples, although othersurgical fasteners may also be utilized, such as, for example, clips ortwo part polymeric surgical fasteners.

Surgical fastener applying apparatus, as mentioned above, typicallyinclude two opposed jaw structures that are used to capture or clamptissue therebetween. Typically, one of the jaw structures carries acartridge assembly which houses a plurality of staples arranged in atleast two lateral rows, while the other jaw structure includes an anvilwhich defines a surface for forming the staple legs as the staples aredriven from the cartridge assembly. Where two part fasteners are used,the jaw structure which includes the anvil carries a mating part of thetwo part fastener, e.g. the receiver. Generally, the staple formationprocess is affected by the interaction between one or morelongitudinally moving camming members and a series of individual staplepushers. As the camming members travel longitudinally through thecartridge assembly, the individual staple pushers are biased upwardlyinto a backspan of the staples supported within the cartridge assemblyto sequentially eject the staples from the cartridge. Where a knife isprovided, the knife follows the camming members and travels between thestaple rows to cut tissue between the rows of formed staples.

In order to perform multiple clamping, stapling, and cutting operationson a single patient, surgical fastener applying apparatus have beendeveloped that include replaceable cartridge assemblies. As such, aftera first operation, the used cartridge assembly is replaced with a newcartridge assembly for a subsequent operation. As can be appreciated, itwould be desirable to incorporate the knife into the replaceablecartridge assembly such that a new, sharpened knife is provided for eachoperation.

SUMMARY

In accordance with the present disclosure, a surgical fastener applyingapparatus is provided. The surgical fastener applying apparatus includesa cartridge-receiving assembly and a cartridge assembly that isreleasably engagable with the cartridge-receiving assembly. Thecartridge assembly includes a cartridge housing configured to house aplurality of surgical fasteners and a knife assembly. The knife assemblyincludes a knife member configured to translate through the cartridgehousing from an initial position to a deployed position and a knifeguard pivotably coupled to the cartridge housing and movable between astorage position, wherein the knife guard substantially encloses theknife member, and a use position, wherein the knife member is exposedfor translation through the cartridge housing. The knife guard engagesthe knife member such that translation of the knife member away from theinitial position urges the knife guard to rotate from the storageposition to the use position and such that translation of the knifemember from the deployed position back to the storage position urges theknife guard to rotate from the use position back to the storageposition.

In embodiments, the knife guard defines a cam track and the knife memberincludes a guard pin releasably engaged within the cam track.

In embodiments, translation of the knife member from the initialposition to the deployed position urges the guard pin through the camtrack to rotate the knife guard from the storage position to the useposition.

In embodiments, further translation of the knife member to a furtherdeployed position urges the guard pin to exit the cam track of the knifeguard.

In embodiments, return of the knife member to the initial position urgesthe guard pin to enter the cam track of the knife guard and translatethrough the cam track of the knife guard to rotate the knife guard fromthe use position back to the storage position.

In embodiments, the cartridge-receiving assembly includes a drive screwand a drive member. The drive member is threadingly engaged about thedrive screw such that rotation of the drive screw effects translation ofthe drive member.

In embodiments, the cartridge assembly further includes an actuationsled slidably disposed within the cartridge housing and configured totranslate through the cartridge housing to eject the surgical fastenersfrom the cartridge housing.

In embodiments, translation of the drive member in a first directionurges the actuation sled and the knife member to translate through thecartridge housing in the first direction to eject the surgical fastenersfrom the cartridge housing and cut tissue, respectively.

In embodiments, the drive member is engagable with the knife member suchthat translation of the drive member in a second, opposite direction,pulls the knife member to translate in the second, opposite direction.

In embodiments, the surgical fastener applying apparatus furtherincludes an anvil assembly movable relative to the cartridge-receivingassembly between an open position and a closed position for clampingtissue therebetween.

In embodiments, the drive member includes a cam pin configured forinsertion into and translation through a corresponding slot definedwithin the anvil member to move the anvil assembly from the openposition to the closed position upon translation of the drive member ina first direction.

In embodiments, the knife guard includes a protrusion extendingtherefrom such that, when the knife guard is disposed in the useposition, the protrusion abuts the anvil assembly to define a minimumgap distance between the anvil assembly and the cartridge assembly.

A surgical kit is also provided in accordance with the presentdisclosure. The surgical kit includes a surgical fastener applyingapparatus including a cartridge-receiving assembly having a drive memberand an anvil assembly movable relative to the cartridge-receivingassembly between an open position and a closed position for clampingtissue therebetween. The kit further includes a plurality of cartridgeassemblies. Each cartridge assembly is releasably engagable with thecartridge-receiving assembly and includes a cartridge housing configuredto house a plurality of surgical fasteners, and a knife assembly. Theknife assembly of each cartridge assembly includes a knife member and aknife guard. The knife member is configured to translate through thecartridge housing to cut tissue, while the knife guard pivotably coupledto the cartridge housing and movable between a storage position, whereinthe knife guard substantially encloses the knife member, and a useposition, wherein the knife member is exposed for translation throughthe cartridge housing.

In embodiments, each cartridge assembly further includes an actuationsled slidably disposed within the cartridge housing and configured totranslate through the cartridge housing to eject the surgical fastenersfrom the cartridge housing upon translation of the drive member throughthe cartridge housing.

In embodiments, translation of the knife member from an initial positionto a deployed position urges the knife guard to rotate from the storageposition to the use position.

In embodiments, further translation of the knife member to a furtherdeployed position urges the knife member to disengage from the knifeguard.

In embodiments, return of the knife member to the initial position urgesthe knife guard to rotate from the use position back to the storageposition.

A method of surgery is also provided in accordance with the presentdisclosure. The method includes providing an end effector assemblyincluding an anvil assembly and a cartridge-receiving assembly having adrive member, engaging a first cartridge assembly with thecartridge-receiving assembly, and translating the drive member throughthe first cartridge assembly in a first direction to progressivelyapproximate the anvil assembly relative to the first cartridge assemblyto clamp tissue therebetween, rotate the first knife guard from astorage position to a use position, sequentially eject the firstplurality of surgical fasteners from the first cartridge assembly, andtranslate the first knife member through the first cartridge assembly inthe first direction to cut tissue between the surgical fasteners.

In embodiments, the method further includes translating the drive memberthrough the first cartridge assembly in a second direction to translatethe first knife member through the first cartridge assembly in thesecond direction, rotate the first knife guard from the use positionback to the storage position, and progressively space-apart the anvilassembly from the first cartridge assembly. Thereafter, the firstcartridge assembly is disengaged from the cartridge-receiving assemblyand a second cartridge assembly is engaged with the cartridge-receivingassembly.

In embodiments, the method further includes translating the drive memberthrough the second cartridge assembly in the first direction toprogressively approximate the anvil assembly relative to the secondcartridge assembly to clamp tissue therebetween, rotate the second knifeguard from a storage position to a use position, sequentially eject thesecond plurality of surgical fasteners from the second cartridgeassembly, and translate the second knife member through the secondcartridge assembly in the first direction to cut tissue between thesurgical fasteners.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of the presentdisclosure will become more apparent in light of the following detaileddescription when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawingswherein:

FIG. 1 is a front, perspective view of a cartridge assembly provided inaccordance with the present disclosure;

FIG. 1A is a rear, perspective view of an endoscopic, handheld surgicalfastener applying apparatus provided in accordance with the presentdisclosure and configured for use with the cartridge assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an end effector assembly of the surgicalfastener applying apparatus of FIG. 1A including the cartridge assemblyof FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the area of detail indicated as “3” inFIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the area of detail indicated as “4” inFIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of a proximal end of theend effector assembly of the surgical fastener applying apparatus ofFIG. 1A, wherein the drive beam, knife member, and actuation sled are intheir respective initial positions and wherein the knife guard is in astorage position;

FIGS. 5A-5D are schematic illustrations showing rotation of the knifeguard from the storage position to a use position;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the proximal end ofthe end effector assembly of the surgical fastener applying apparatus ofFIG. 1A, showing the drive beam, knife member, and actuation sledtranslating distally through the end effector assembly, wherein theknife guard is in the use position;

FIGS. 6A-6D are schematic illustrations showing rotation of the knifeguard from the use position back to the storage position; and

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the proximal end ofthe end effector assembly of the surgical fastener applying apparatus ofFIG. 1A, wherein the drive beam and knife member have been returned totheir respective initial positions and wherein the knife guard has beenreturned to the storage position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the presently disclosed replaceable cartridge assemblyand surgical fastener applying apparatus configured for use therewithare described in detail with reference to the drawings wherein likereference numerals identify similar or identical structural elements ineach of the several views. As used herein, as is traditional, the term“proximal” refers to the end of the apparatus or component thereof thatis closer to the user, while the term distal refers to the end of theapparatus or component thereof that is further away from the user.

Turning now to FIG. 1, a cartridge assembly provided in accordance withthe present disclosure is shown generally identified by referencenumeral 100. Replaceable cartridge assembly 100 is releasably engagablewith an end effector assembly of a surgical fastener applying apparatus,e.g., end effector assembly 30 of surgical fastener applying apparatus10 (see FIG. 1A), or any other suitable surgical instrument, tofacilitate clamping, stapling, and cutting of tissue. Cartridge assembly100 is configured as a replaceable, disposable component such that,after each successive clamping, stapling, and cutting operation, theused cartridge assembly 100 may be discarded and replaced with a newcartridge assembly 100 for subsequent use. Further, cartridge assembly100 may be provided in various different configurations, e.g., includinga different number, size, and/or configuration of staples, such that adesired cartridge assembly 100 may be selected for use depending on theparticular procedure to be performed. Cartridge assembly 100 will bedescribed in greater detail hereinbelow.

With reference to FIG. 1A, an exemplary surgical fastener applyingapparatus 10 configured for use with cartridge assembly 100 is shown.Surgical fastener applying apparatus 10 is configured as a handheld,endoscopic surgical fastener applying apparatus 10 and generallyincludes a motorized handle assembly 12 having an elongated member 20extending distally therefrom, and an end effector assembly 30 disposedat a distal end of elongated member 20. However, other suitable surgicalfastener applying apparatus, e.g., open surgical fastener applyingapparatus, manually-powered surgical fastener applying apparatus, etc.,are also contemplated for use with cartridge assembly 100.

Motorized handle assembly 12 of surgical fastener applying apparatus 10includes a housing 14 and one or more actuators 16 for activating endeffector assembly 30, e.g., to initiate a clamping, stapling, andcutting operation. Housing 14 houses the internal working components ofmotorized handle assembly 12. Motorized handle assembly 12 furtherincludes a battery compartment 18 configured to retain a battery pack(not shown) therein for providing power to motorized handle assembly 12.An actuation shaft (not shown) extending through elongated member 20 iscoupled between motorized handle assembly 12 and end effector assembly30. More specifically, motorized handle assembly 12 is operably coupledto the actuation shaft (not shown) such that, upon actuation, e.g., uponactuation of one or more of actuators 16, the actuation shaft (notshown) is driven to actuate end effector assembly 30 to clamp, staple,and cut tissue. A detailed discussion of the construction and operationof end effector assembly 30 can be found below. A detailed discussion ofthe construction and operation of motorized handle assembly 12 can befound in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/622,827, filed on Nov. 20,2009, and entitled “Surgical Console and Hand-held Surgical Device,” theentire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

Continuing with reference to FIG. 1A, elongated member 20 includes anarticulatable joint 22 disposed towards the distal end of elongatedmember 20. Articulatable joint 22 is operably coupled to handle assembly12 such that end effector assembly 30 may be articulated relative toelongated member 20 by actuation of one or more of actuators 16.Alternatively or additionally, articulatable joint 22 may be articulatedmanually by a user, or by any other suitable mechanism provided onhandle assembly 12. Articulatable joint 22 may include any suitablearticulating mechanism configured to permit articulation of end effectorassembly 30 relative to elongated member 20, such as, for example,gears, wires, cables, linkages, and combinations thereof.

Referring additionally to FIG. 2, as mentioned above, end effectorassembly 30 is disposed at the distal end of elongated member 20. Morespecifically, end effector assembly 30 may be releasably engagable withelongated member 20 at the distal end thereof (as shown), e.g., viabayonet coupling or other suitable releasable engagement mechanism, ormay be permanently secured at the distal end of elongated member 20. Ineither configuration, end effector assembly 30 includes a proximalconnector assembly 32, an anvil assembly 50, and a cartridge-receivingassembly 60. Cartridge-receiving assembly 60 is configured to releasablyreceive cartridge assembly 100, as will be described below, and isfixedly mounted to proximal connector assembly 32 which, in turn, ismounted, e.g., releasably or fixedly mounted, at the distal end ofelongated member 20. Anvil assembly 50 is pivotably coupled to proximalconnector assembly 32 such that anvil assembly 50 is pivotable relativeto cartridge-receiving assembly 60 and, thus, cartridge assembly 100,which is engaged within cartridge-receiving assembly 60, between an openposition, wherein anvil assembly 50 and cartridge assembly 100 arespaced-apart from one another, and a closed position, wherein anvilassembly 50 is disposed in close approximation with cartridge assembly100 to clamp tissue therebetween. However, it is also envisioned thatthis configuration be reversed, e.g., wherein anvil assembly 50 ismounted to proximal connector assembly 32 and cartridge-receivingassembly 60 is pivotable relative to anvil assembly 50. Alternatively,end effector assembly 30 may define a bilateral configuration, e.g.,wherein both cartridge-receiving assembly 60 and anvil assembly 50 arepivotable relative to one another and proximal connector assembly 32.

Proximal connector assembly 32 generally includes a mounting member 34,a coupling member 40, and a drive shaft 45. Drive shaft 45 is disposedwithin mounting member 34 and is rotatably engaged therein via a bushing46. Drive shaft 45 is oriented off-axis relative to drive screw 80 ofcartridge-receiving assembly 60 such that drive shaft 45 is disposed innon-parallel orientation, e.g., at a non-zero angle, relative to drivescrew 80. Drive shaft 45 includes a proximal portion 45 a and a distalportion 45 b. Proximal portion 45 a of drive shaft 45 is configured tobe engaged by the actuation shaft (not shown) that is operably coupledto and extends from handle assembly 12, while distal portion 45 b ofdrive shaft 45 is configured to engage drive screw 80. Thus, drive shaft45 operably couples the actuation shaft (not shown) and drive screw 80such that actuation of the actuation shaft (not shown), e.g., viaactuation one or more of actuators 16, actuates end effector assembly 30to clamp, staple, and cut tissue.

Mounting member 34 of proximal connector assembly 32 includes a pair ofspaced-apart, distally-extending extensions 35 configured to receiveflanges 57 of anvil assembly 50 therebetween. Extensions 35 each definean aperture 36 therethrough that is configured for receipt of a pin 48for pivotably coupling anvil assembly 50 to mounting member 34. Biasingmembers 49, e.g., coil springs, are secured within mounting member 34and extend between extensions 35. Biasing members 49 are disposedbetween internal bearing surfaces (not explicitly shown) of mountingmember 34 and flanges 57 of anvil assembly 50 to bias anvil assembly 50towards the open position.

Extensions 35 each further include a depression 37 defined within theoutwardly-facing surface thereof. Depressions 37 are configured toreceive tabs 67 of cartridge-receiving assembly 60, while pin 48 isconfigured to extend through apertures 36 of extensions 35 and throughapertures 67 a defined within tabs 67. As such, althoughcartridge-receiving assembly 60 is engaged to mounting member 34 via pin48, pivotable rotation of cartridge-receiving assembly 60 relative tomounting member 34 is inhibited due to the positioning of tabs 67 withindepressions 37.

Continuing with reference to FIGS. 1-2, coupling member 40 of proximalconnector assembly 32 is coupled to the proximal end of mounting member34 and includes a threaded axial bore 42 defined therethrough. Mountingmember 34 also includes a threaded axial bore 38 defined therein, whichis aligned with bore 42 of coupling member 40 such that mounting member34 and coupling member 40 may be secured to one another via a bolt 42.Coupling member 40 further includes one or more alignment shafts 44extending proximally from coupling member 40 to facilitate alignment ofend effector assembly 30 and elongated member 20 upon coupling of endeffector assembly 30 and elongated member 20 to one another.

Anvil assembly 50 generally includes an anvil member 52 and an anvilcover 58. Anvil member 52 defines a fastener forming surface thatgenerally opposes the tissue-contacting surface of cartridge assembly100 when end effector assembly 30 is disposed in the closed position.The fastener forming surface of anvil member 52 may include a pluralityof fastener pockets (not shown) configured to receive fasteners 110 andto form fasteners 110 in a closed configuration when fasteners 110 aredriven from cartridge assembly 100 into the fastener pockets (not shown)of anvil member 52. Anvil member 52 further includes an elongatedvertically-oriented slot 53 defined therethrough.

Anvil cover 58 is mounted about anvil member 52 and is configured toprotect tissue from the moving parts of end effector assembly 30disposed within anvil assembly 50. Anvil cover 58 includes opposedmounting wings 55 that are configured to engage respective detents 56defined within anvil member 52. Mounting wings 55 also align anvilmember 52 with cartridge assembly 100 during closure of end effectorassembly 30 to facilitate proper alignment therebetween. Flanges 57 ofanvil cover 58, as mentioned above, are configured for positioningbetween extensions 35 of mounting member 34 of proximal connectorassembly 32 and each define an aperture 57 a for pivotably couplinganvil assembly 50 to mounting member 34 via pin 48.

Anvil assembly 50 further includes an elongated horizontally-orientedslot 54 (FIG. 5) that is disposed in communication with elongatedvertically-oriented slot 53. Horizontally-oriented slot 54 (FIG. 5) maybe defined between anvil cover 58 and anvil member 52, while, asmentioned above, vertically-oriented slot 53 extends through anvilmember 52. As will be described below, this configuration of slots 53,54 (FIG. 5) allows cam pin 98 of drive beam 90 to travel between thecover 58 and anvil member 52 during firing to approximate and maintainanvil assembly 50 and cartridge assembly 100 in close approximation withone another while also allowing longitudinal translation of verticalstrut 96 of drive beam 90 through and relative to anvil assembly 50.

Cartridge-receiving assembly 60 of end effector assembly 30 includes acarrier 62 and a plate cover 70. Carrier 62 includes a base 63 and firstand second opposed walls 64 that cooperate to define a channel 65extending longitudinally through carrier 62. Walls 64 of carrier 62 eachdefine an engagement notch 66 positioned towards the distal end thereoffor releasably engaging cartridge assembly 100 within channel 65. Walls64 each further include a tab 67 disposed at the proximal end thereoffor coupling carrier 62 to mounting member 34 of proximal connectorassembly 32, e.g., via pin 48. More specifically, tabs 67 are configuredfor receipt within corresponding depressions 37 defined within mountingmember 34 of proximal connector assembly 32 such that, in cooperationwith pin 48, carrier 62 is fixedly engaged to mounting member 34, i.e.,relative movement between carrier 62 and mounting member 34 issubstantially inhibited. Base 63 of carrier 62 defines a longitudinalslot 68 having a cuff 69 defined at the distal end thereof.

Plate cover 70 of carrier 62 includes a plurality of knobs 72 configuredfor engagement within corresponding apertures 74 defined within carrier62 to secure plate cover 70 to carrier 62, although carrier 62 and platecover 70 may alternatively be engaged to one another in any othersuitable fashion. Plate cover 70 is configured to protect tissue fromthe moving parts of end effector assembly 30 disposed withincartridge-receiving assembly 60.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1-2, end effector assembly 30 furtherincludes an axial drive screw 80 disposed within carrier 62 ofcartridge-receiving assembly 60. More specifically, axial drive screw 80includes a threaded portion 81 disposed within longitudinal slot 68 ofbase 63 of carrier 62, a proximal engagement portion 82 extendingproximally from cartridge-receiving assembly 60, and a distal extension83 rotatably disposed within cuff 69 of longitudinal slot 68 of base 63of carrier 62 to retain axial drive screw 80 within longitudinal slot 68while also permitting rotation of axial drive screw 80 relative tocarrier 62. Proximal engagement portion 82 of axial drive screw 80includes a female connection member 84 that is configured to engagedistal portion 45 b of drive shaft 45. As such, and as will be describedin greater detail below, axial drive screw 80 converts the rotationaldrive forces exerted by drive shaft 45 (which is driven by motorizedhandle assembly 12) into longitudinal movement of drive beam 90 (whichis threadingly engaged about axial drive screw 80) for driving actuationsled 130 and knife member 160 to staple and subsequently divide tissue.In order to inhibit movement, other than rotational movement, of axialdrive screw 80, a thrust plate 85 rotatably secures proximal engagementportion 82 of axial drive screw 80 between coupling member 40 andmounting member 34 of proximal connector assembly 32. More specifically,thrust plate 85 includes a pair of teeth 86 configured for positioningabout proximal engagement portion 82 of axial drive screw 80, therebyinhibiting substantial lateral, longitudinal, and elevational movementof axial drive screw 80 relative to proximal connector assembly 32 andcartridge-receiving assembly 60, while permitting rotation of axialdrive screw 80 about its longitudinal axis.

With additional reference to FIG. 4, end effector assembly 30 furtherincludes a drive beam 90 that is operably coupled to axial drive screw80 (and may be integrally formed therewith) and selectively translatablethrough and relative to cartridge assembly 100 and cartridge-receivingassembly 60. Drive beam 90 includes a retention foot 92 having athreaded bore 94 defined therethrough. Axial drive screw 80 isthreadingly engaged within threaded bore 94 of drive beam 90 such thatrotation of drive screw 80 effects longitudinal translation of drivebeam 90 along axial drive screw 80. Drive beam 90 further includes avertical support strut 96 extending upwardly from foot 92. Verticalsupport strut 96 engages a spring arm 97 within a recess 97 a forreleasably engaging knife member 160 to drive beam 90, as will bedescribed in greater detail below. Drive beam 90 also includes atransverse cam pin 98 extending transversely through vertical supportstrut 96 towards the top end thereof. Cam pin 98 is configured forinsertion into and translation through horizontally-oriented slot 54(FIG. 5) defined within anvil assembly 50 to progressively clamp anvilassembly 50 against body tissue and cartridge assembly 100 duringfiring. As mentioned above, horizontally-oriented slot 54 (FIG. 5) maybe defined between anvil cover 58 and anvil member 52, thus allowing campin 98 of drive beam 90 to travel between anvil cover 58 and anvilmember 52 during firing. Vertically-oriented slot 53 (visible in FIG. 2)of anvil assembly 50, on the other hand, accommodates vertical strut 96to permit translation of drive beam 90 relative to anvil assembly 50.Drive beam 90, as will be described below, is configured to urge knifemember 160 and actuation sled 130 through cartridge assembly 100 tosequentially eject fasteners 110 from cartridge assembly 100 to stapletissue and subsequently divide tissue between the rows of fasteners 110.

Referring again to FIGS. 1-2, as mentioned above, carrier 62 isconfigured to releasably receive cartridge assembly 100. Morespecifically, cartridge assembly 100 is configured for releasableengagement within channel 65 defined by carrier 62 via the engagement oftabs 104, which extend generally downwardly and outwardly from cartridgehousing 102 of cartridge assembly 100, within notches 66 of carrier 62.The positioning of cartridge assembly 100 within channel 65, e.g.,between walls 64, and the engagement of tabs 104 within notches 66function to restrict lateral, longitudinal, and elevational movement ofcartridge assembly 100 within carrier 62, thus helping to ensure properalignment of cartridge assembly 100 relative to anvil assembly 50.

Cartridge assembly 100 includes a cartridge housing 102 that isconfigured to house a plurality of surgical fasteners 110, a pluralityof corresponding ejectors or pushers 120, and an actuation sled 130.Actuation sled 130 includes a plurality of cam wedges 132 configuredsuch that, upon translation of actuation sled 130 through cartridgehousing 102, cam wedges 132 of actuation sled 130 exert a fastenerdriving force on pushers 120 to urge fasteners 110 from cartridgehousing 102. More specifically, a plurality of spaced-apart longitudinalslots (not shown) extend through cartridge housing to accommodate camwedges 132 of actuation sled 130 while a plurality of vertical slots 106communicating with the longitudinal slots (not shown) support theplurality of fasteners 110 and pushers 120 such that, as actuation sled130 is translated through cartridge housing 102, the angled leadingedges of cam wedges 132 sequentially contact pushers 120 and urgepushers 120 to translate vertically within slots 106, thereby urgingfasteners 110 from slots 106. Cartridge housing 102 further defines acentral longitudinal slot 108 to allow for drive beam 90 and knifemember 160 to travel therethrough during actuation, and a bottom plate140 that defines a slot 142 configured to permit passage of drive beam90 into cartridge housing 102 upon insertion and engagement of cartridgeassembly 100 within cartridge-receiving assembly 60.

With reference to FIGS. 1-3, cartridge assembly 100 further includes aknife assembly 150 having a selectively translatable knife member 160and a knife guard 170 pivotably mounted to a proximal extension 109 ofcartridge housing 102. Knife member 160 includes a base 162 and avertical member 164 extending generally perpendicularly from base 162.Base 162 is configured for translation through cartridge housing 102 anddefines a transverse dimension that is greater than that of centrallongitudinal slot 108 defined within cartridge housing 102 such thatbase 162 of knife member 160 is retained within cartridge housing 102during translation therethrough. Base 162 is further configured to urgeactuation sled 130 distally upon distal urging of base 162 via drivebeam 90 to sequentially eject fasteners 110 from cartridge assembly 100.Vertical member 164 of knife member 160 defines a distal cutting surface165 configured to facilitate cutting of tissue upon distal translationof knife member 160, an engagement notch 167 configured to receive thefree end of spring arm 97 (FIG. 4) to releasably engage knife member 160and drive beam 90 to one another, and a transverse guard pin 169operably associated with knife guard 170 for moving knife guard 170between its storage and use positions.

Knife guard 170, as mentioned above, is pivotably mounted to proximalextension 109 of cartridge housing 102. More specifically, knife guard170 is pivotable between a storage position, wherein knife guard 170substantially encloses knife member 160, and a use position, whereinknife member 160 is exposed for translation through end effectorassembly 30 to cut tissue. In certain embodiments, Knife guard 170defines a bifurcated configuration including a pair of knife guardportions 172 that are mirror-images of one another, but embodimentshaving one portion or body are contemplated. Each knife guard portion172 includes a body 173, a peg 174 extending outwardly from body 173, aprotrusion 175, and a cam track 180 defined on an inwardly-facingsurface 176 of body 173. Pegs 174 are configured for receipt withincorresponding apertures 109 a defined within proximal extension 109 ofcartridge housing 102 to pivotably couple knife guard 170 to cartridgeassembly 100. Biasing members 178 may be disposed about pegs 174 to biasknife guard 170 towards the storage position. Protrusions 175 functionas stop members when knife guard 170 is disposed in the use position.That is, protrusions 175 abut anvil assembly 50 when end effectorassembly 30 is disposed in the closed position and knife guard 170 isdisposed in the use position to define a minimum gap distance betweenthe tissue-contacting surface of cartridge assembly 100 and the fastenerforming surface of anvil assembly 50.

Cam tracks 180, which are defined on the inwardly-facing surface 176 ofeach body 173, are configured to receive opposed ends of transverseguard pin 169 of knife member 160. In the embodiment shown, each camtrack 180 includes a distal segment 182, a proximal segment 184 disposedin generally perpendicular orientation relative to distal segment 182,and an angled intermediate segment 186 interconnecting the proximal anddistal segments 184, 182, respectively. However, cam tracks with otherconfigurations are contemplated. Each distal segment 182 defines an opendistal end 188 permitting the insertion of transverse guard pin 169 intoand the removal of transverse guard pin 169 from cam tracks 180. As willbe described in greater detail below, cam tracks 180 are configured suchthat, upon actuation of knife member 160, transverse guard pin 169 istranslated distally through cam tracks 180 of knife guard 170 to urgeknife guard 170 to rotate from the storage position to the use positionand such that, upon return of knife member 160 to its initial position,transverse guard pin 169 is translated proximally through cam tracks 180to urge knife guard 170 to rotate back to the storage position.

Turning now to FIGS. 5-7, in conjunction with FIGS. 1-4, the use andoperation of surgical fastener applying apparatus 10 for clamping,stapling, and cutting tissue is described. In order to assemble surgicalfastener applying apparatus 10, end effector assembly 30 is engaged toelongated member 20, e.g., via bayonet coupling or other suitablereleasable engagement mechanism, to operably couple the actuation shaft(not shown) of surgical fastener applying apparatus 10 and drive screw80 to one another via drive shaft 45. Once end effector assembly 30 isengaged to elongated member 20, or prior thereto, cartridge assembly 100is inserted into carrier 62 of cartridge-receiving assembly 60 such thatcartridge assembly 100 is releasably engaged within carrier 62 via theengagement of tabs 104, which extend from cartridge housing 102, withinnotches 66 defined within walls 64 of carrier 62. Once end effectorassembly 30 has been engaged to elongated member 20 and cartridgeassembly 100 has been engaged within cartridge-receiving assembly 60,surgical fastener applying apparatus 10 is assembled and ready for use.

Initially, as shown in FIG. 5, drive beam 90 of end effector assembly 30is disposed at the proximal end of drive screw 80, i.e., proximally ofcartridge assembly 100, actuation sled 130 of cartridge assembly 100 isdisposed at the proximal end of cartridge assembly 100, and knife guard170 of knife assembly 150 is disposed in the storage positionsubstantially enclosing knife member 160 therein. Further, in thisinitial condition, end effector assembly 30 is disposed in the openposition, wherein anvil assembly 50 is spaced-apart from cartridgeassembly 100. With end effector assembly 30 disposed in this initialcondition, surgical fastener applying apparatus 10 may be maneuveredand/or manipulated into position such that tissue to be clamped,stapled, and divided is disposed between anvil member 52 and cartridgeassembly 100.

Once tissue to be clamped, stapled, and divided is disposed betweenanvil member 52 and cartridge assembly 100, end effector assembly 30 maybe actuated. In order to actuate end effector assembly 30, one or moreof actuators 16 are actuated, e.g., depressed, to drive the actuationshaft (not shown) to rotate in a forward direction, thereby driving therotation of drive shaft 45 and drive screw 80. In particular, actuationof actuator(s) 16 drives drive screw 80 to rotate in a first direction,e.g., a clockwise direction. Rotation of drive screw 80 in the firstdirection urges drive beam 90 to translate distally along drive screw80. As drive beam 90 is translated distally, transverse cam pin 98enters horizontally-oriented slot 54 defined within anvil assembly 50such that anvil assembly 50 is progressively clamped against body tissueand cartridge assembly 100 as end effector assembly 30 is actuatedfurther, e.g., as drive beam 90 is translated further distally.Simultaneously, or near-simultaneously, drive beam 90 is urged intocontact with knife member 160 such that drive beam 90 urges knife member160 to likewise translate distally.

With reference to FIGS. 5A-5D, in conjunction with FIGS. 1-5, as knifemember 160 is translated distally under the urging of drive beam 90 andrelative to knife guard 170, guard pin 169 of knife member 160 isinitially translated distally through proximal segments 184 of camtracks 180, as shown in FIG. 5A. Upon further distal translation ofknife member 160 relative to knife guard 170, as shown in FIGS. 5B-5C,guard pin 169 enters angled intermediate segments 186 of cam tracks 180wherein, due to the angled configuration of intermediate segments 186 ofcam tracks 180, distal translation of guard pin 169 urges knife guard170 to rotate from the storage position towards the use position. Asshown in FIG. 5D, once guard pin 169 enters distal segments 182 of camtracks 180, knife guard 170 has been fully rotated to the use position.Further distal translation of knife member 160 at this point translatesguard pin 169 distally through distal segments 182 of cam tracks 180,ultimately exiting cam tracks 180 via the open distal ends 188 of distalsegments 182.

Referring back to FIG. 5, in conjunction with FIGS. 1-4, as mentionedabove, upon actuation, drive beam 90 is urged into contact with knifemember 160 such that drive beam 90 urges knife member 160 to likewisetranslate distally. More specifically, knife member 160 is urgeddistally via drive beam 90 such that vertical member 164 of knife member160 is translated through central longitudinal slot 108 of cartridgehousing 102. Following behind knife member 160, vertical strut 96 ofdrive beam 90 is likewise translated through central longitudinal slot108 of cartridge housing 102 and, at the same time, is translatedthrough vertically-oriented slot 53 of anvil assembly 50. Upon enteringcentral longitudinal slot 108 of cartridge housing 102, spring arm 97 ofvertical support strut 96 of drive beam 90 is urged into engagementwithin engagement notch 167 of vertical member 164 of knife member 160,e.g., due to the reduced dimension of central longitudinal slot 108, toengage drive beam 90 and knife member 160 to one another. As will bedescribed below, this engagement of drive beam 90 and knife member 160permits knife member 160 to be retracted proximally upon proximal returnof drive beam 90.

As mentioned above, during distal translation of drive beam 90,transverse cam pin 98 of drive beam 90 translates throughhorizontally-oriented slot 54 of anvil assembly 50 to clamp anvilassembly 50 about tissue, e.g., to maintain end effector assembly 30 inthe closed position clamping tissue therebetween. However, the clampingof end effector assembly 30 is limited via protrusion 175 of knife guard170 which, in the use position, is positioned to abut anvil assembly 50,thereby setting the minimum gap distance between the tissue-contactingsurface of cartridge assembly 100 and the fastener forming surface ofanvil assembly 50.

Turning now to FIG. 5, in conjunction with FIGS. 1-4, as drive screw 80is rotated in the first direction to translate drive beam 90 distally,which, in turn, translates knife member 160 distally, base 162 of knifemember 160 contact actuation sled 130 of cartridge assembly 100 andurges actuation sled 130 distally. As actuation sled 130 is urgeddistally, cam wedges 132 of actuation sled 130 are urged into contactwith pushers 120 to sequentially eject fasteners 110 from cartridgeassembly 100 and through tissue, ultimately such that fasteners 110 areformed about tissue upon contact with the fastener forming surface ofanvil member 52. Knife member 160 travels slightly behind actuation sled130 to cut tissue between the rows of fasteners 110. As can beappreciated, actuation of end effector assembly 30 may be controlled tofire greater or fewer fasteners 110 from cartridge assembly 100,depending on a particular purpose. That is, actuation sled 130, knifemember 160, and drive beam 90 may be fully advanced to the distal end ofdrive screw 80 to fire all of the fasteners 110 from cartridge assembly100, or may only be actuated partially to fire only a portion of theplurality of fasteners 110 disposed within cartridge assembly 100.

Referring to FIGS. 6-7, once the desired firing operation is complete,drive beam 90 and knife member 160 may be returned proximally to theirinitial positions via actuation one or more of actuators 16 (FIG. 1).Actuation of actuator(s) 16 (FIG. 1) drives the actuation shaft (notshown) to rotate in a reverse direction, thereby driving the rotation ofdrive shaft 45 and drive screw 80 in a second, opposite direction, e.g.,a counter-clockwise direction. Rotation of drive screw 80 in the seconddirection urges drive beam 90 to translate proximally along drive screw80. Due to the engagement between drive beam 90 and knife member 160 viaspring arm 97, proximal translation of drive beam 90 likewise pullsknife member 160 proximally. However, actuation sled 130, since it isnot engaged to either drive beam 90 or knife member 160, is retained inposition, although it is also contemplated that actuation sled 130 becoupled to knife member 160 similarly as knife member 160 is coupled todrive beam 90, e.g., via a spring arm.

Drive beam 90 is translated proximally until transverse pin 98 of drivebeam 90 is withdrawn from horizontally-oriented slot 54 of anvilassembly 50, thus allowing end effector assembly 30 to return to theopen position under bias of biasing member 49. As mentioned above,proximal translation of drive beam 90 pulls knife member 160 proximally.More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6A, as knife member 160 is pulledproximally, guard pin 169 is ultimately translated into cam tracks 180of knife guard 170 via open distal ends 188 of distal segments 182 ofcam tracks 180. As shown in FIGS. 6B-6C, upon further proximaltranslation of knife member 160, guard pin 169 is translated proximallythrough distal segments 182 into angled intermediate segments 186wherein, due to the angled configuration of intermediate segments 186 ofcam tracks 180, further proximal translation of guard pin 169 urgesknife guard 170 to rotate from the use position back towards the storageposition. Additionally, the biasing effect of biasing members 178, whichbias knife guard 170 towards the storage position, facilitates return ofknife guard 170 to the storage position and/or the translation of knifemember 160 back towards it initial position. Once guard pin 169 entersproximal segments 184 of cam tracks 180, as shown in FIG. 6D, knifeguard 170 has been returned to the storage position, wherein knife guard170 substantially enclose knife member 160. That is, knife member 160 isreturned to its initial position, as shown in FIG. 7, wherein guard pin169 is disposed towards the proximal ends of proximal segments 184 ofcam tracks 180.

Upon drive beam 90 returning proximally such that vertical strut 96 ofdrive beam 90 is withdrawn from central longitudinal slot 108 ofcartridge housing 102, spring arm 97 is no longer urged into engagementwith knife member 160 via knife guard 170 or cartridge housing 102 and,thus, is permitted to return outwardly under bias outwardly to disengagedrive beam 90 and knife member 160 from one another. With end effectorassembly 30 once again disposed in its initial condition, the usedcartridge assembly 100 may be disengaged from cartridge-receivingassembly 60 of end effector assembly 30 and a new cartridge assembly 100may be engaged within cartridge-receiving assembly 60 for subsequentclamping, stapling, and cutting operations. Thus, the knife member 160is discarded with the used staple cartridge and the fresh, unfiredcartridge assembly has a new knife.

It will be understood that various modifications may be made to theembodiments of the surgical fastener applying apparatus disclosedherein. Therefore, the above description should not be construed aslimiting, but merely as exemplifications of embodiments. Those skilledin the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spiritof the present disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical fastener applying apparatus,comprising: a cartridge-receiving assembly; a cartridge assemblyreleasably engagable with the cartridge-receiving assembly, thecartridge assembly including: a cartridge housing configured to house aplurality of surgical fasteners; and a knife assembly, the knifeassembly including: a knife member configured to translate through thecartridge housing from an initial position to a deployed position; and aknife guard pivotably coupled to the cartridge housing and movablebetween a storage position, wherein the knife guard substantiallyencloses the knife member, and a use position, wherein the knife memberis exposed for translation through the cartridge housing, the knifeguard interacting with the knife member such that translation of theknife member away from the initial position urges the knife guard torotate from the storage position to the use position and such thattranslation of the knife member back to the storage position urges theknife guard to rotate from the use position back to the storageposition.
 2. The surgical fastener applying apparatus according to claim1, wherein the knife guard defines a cam track and wherein the knifemember includes a guard pin releasably engaged within the cam track. 3.The surgical fastener applying apparatus according to claim 2, whereintranslation of the knife member from the initial position to thedeployed position urges the guard pin through the cam track to rotatethe knife guard from the storage position to the use position.
 4. Thesurgical fastener applying apparatus according to claim 3, whereinfurther translation of the knife member to a further deployed positionurges the guard pin to exit the cam track of the knife guard.
 5. Thesurgical fastener applying apparatus according to claim 4, whereinreturn of the knife member to the initial position urges the guard pinto enter the cam track of the knife guard and translate through the camtrack of the knife guard to rotate the knife guard from the use positionback to the storage position.
 6. The surgical fastener applyingapparatus according to claim 2, wherein the cartridge-receiving assemblyincludes a drive screw and a drive member, the drive member threadinglyengaged about the drive screw such that rotation of the drive screweffects translation of the drive member.
 7. The surgical fastenerapplying apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the cartridge assemblyfurther includes an actuation sled slidably disposed within thecartridge housing and configured to translate through the cartridgehousing to eject the surgical fasteners from the cartridge housing. 8.The surgical fastener applying apparatus according to claim 7, whereintranslation of the drive member in a first direction urges the actuationsled and the knife member to translate through the cartridge housing inthe first direction to eject the surgical fasteners from the cartridgehousing and cut tissue, respectively.
 9. The surgical fastener applyingapparatus according to claim 8, wherein the drive member is engagablewith the knife member such that translation of the drive member in asecond, opposite direction, pulls the knife member to translate in thesecond, opposite direction.
 10. The surgical fastener applying apparatusaccording to claim 6, further comprising an anvil assembly movablerelative to the cartridge-receiving assembly between an open positionand a closed position for clamping tissue therebetween.
 11. The surgicalfastener applying apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the drivemember includes a cam pin configured for insertion into and translationthrough a corresponding slot defined within the anvil member to move theanvil assembly from the open position to the closed position upontranslation of the drive member in a first direction.
 12. The surgicalfastener applying apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the knifeguard includes a protrusion extending therefrom and wherein, when theknife guard is disposed in the use position, the protrusion abuts theanvil assembly to define a minimum gap distance between the anvilassembly and the cartridge assembly.
 13. A surgical kit, comprising: asurgical fastener applying apparatus, the surgical fastener applyingapparatus including: a cartridge-receiving assembly including a drivemember; and an anvil assembly movable relative to thecartridge-receiving assembly between an open position and a closedposition for clamping tissue therebetween; and a plurality of cartridgeassemblies, each cartridge assembly releasably engagable with thecartridge-receiving assembly, each cartridge assembly including: acartridge housing configured to house a plurality of surgical fasteners;and a knife assembly including a knife member and a knife guard, theknife member configured to translate through the cartridge housing tocut tissue, the knife guard pivotably coupled to the cartridge housingand movable between a storage position, wherein the knife guardsubstantially encloses the knife member, and a use position, wherein theknife member is exposed for translation through the cartridge housing.14. The surgical kit according to claim 13, wherein each cartridgeassembly further includes an actuation sled slidably disposed within thecartridge housing and configured to translate through the cartridgehousing to eject the surgical fasteners from the cartridge housing upontranslation of the drive member through the cartridge housing.
 15. Thesurgical kit according to claim 13, wherein translation of the knifemember from an initial position to a deployed position urges the knifeguard to rotate from the storage position to the use position.
 16. Thesurgical kit according to claim 15, wherein further translation of theknife member to a further deployed position urges the knife member todisengage from the knife guard.
 17. The surgical kit according to claim16, wherein return of the knife member to the initial position urges theknife guard to rotate from the use position back to the storageposition.
 18. A method of surgery, comprising the steps of: providing anend effector assembly including an anvil assembly and acartridge-receiving assembly having a drive member; engaging a firstcartridge assembly with the cartridge-receiving assembly, the firstcartridge assembly housing a first plurality of surgical fasteners andincluding a first knife assembly having a first knife member and a firstknife guard; and translating the drive member through the firstcartridge assembly in a first direction to progressively approximate theanvil assembly relative to the first cartridge assembly to clamp tissuetherebetween, rotate the first knife guard from a storage position to ause position, sequentially eject the first plurality of surgicalfasteners from the first cartridge assembly, and translate the firstknife member through the first cartridge assembly in the first directionto cut tissue between the surgical fasteners.
 19. The method accordingto claim 18, further comprising the steps of: translating the drivemember through the first cartridge assembly in a second direction totranslate the first knife member through the first cartridge assembly inthe second direction, rotate the first knife guard from the use positionback to the storage position, and progressively space-apart the anvilassembly from the first cartridge assembly; disengaging the firstcartridge assembly from the cartridge-receiving assembly; and engaging asecond cartridge assembly with the cartridge-receiving assembly, thesecond cartridge assembly housing a second plurality of surgicalfasteners and including a second knife assembly having a second knifemember and a second knife guard.
 20. The method according to claim 19,further comprising the steps of: translating the drive member throughthe second cartridge assembly in the first direction to progressivelyapproximate the anvil assembly relative to the second cartridge assemblyto clamp tissue therebetween, rotate the second knife guard from astorage position to a use position, sequentially eject the secondplurality of surgical fasteners from the second cartridge assembly, andtranslate the second knife member through the second cartridge assemblyin the first direction to cut tissue between the surgical fasteners.